Abstract. The global warming and atmospheric nitrogen deposition problem has become more and more serious under the influence of human activities, and it has become one of the hot issues in this field, which will have far-reaching impact on all kinds of vegetation, thus the functioning of the ecosystem will be changed, which will be reflected in climate warming process. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is mainly composed of desert grasslands, so the development and protection of vegetation has considerable significance on the region. However, in the current environment of global warming, few studies have been carried out on desert grassland plants. In this paper, an in-depth study was carried out on the impact of warming and nitrogen addition on soil temperature, vegetation reproductive phenology and vegetation community seed rain under natural conditions during five-year period from 2011 to 2015. During the experimental period, we found that soil temperature and soil moisture decreased with the increase of soil layer, and warming obviously shortened the time of budding, flowering and fruiting of vegetation. However, no significant effect was found on nitrogen addition. Meanwhile, the impact of interaction effect of warming and nitrogen addition on seed rain was not obvious, but the year difference of all relevant indicators was significant.